TAEK
Türkiye Atom Enerjisi Kurumu
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| TR-1 Research Reactor (1961) | Firstly Constructed Buildings and Land (1962) | ÇNAEM and Its Environment (2004) |
- In 1956, General Secreteriat of Atomic Energy Commission was established in Ankara by the law numbered 6821, as an organization affiliated to the Prime Ministry.
- In 1956, 760.000 TL (~ 270.000 $) was allocated from the state budget for establishment of a research reactor and to pay for its first charges. For that purpose, the land by the Küçükçekmece Lake in İstanbul was expropriated. In 1957, “American Machine and Foundry (AMF)” was chosen among the five firms submitted bid for construction of the TR-1 Research Reactor for experimental purposes in nuclear science. The project was on a turnkey basis. TR-1 Research reactor was constructed between years 1959-1962 on the land.
- On the 6th of January, 1962 (19:14) the reactor reached first criticality and started operation on 27th of May, 1962 with its 1 MW nominal power.
- The facility and its environment was named Çekmece Nuclear Research and Training Center (ÇNAEM). Construction of reactor building was finished in November, 1960 and the laboratories and workshop construction was finished in April 1961. The first staff of ÇNAEM was appointed in July, 1961.
- In 1962, establishment of Çekmece Nuclear Research and Training Center was finished. The center was affiliated to the General Secretariat of Atomic Energy Commission and its purpose was research, development, application and training activities in nuclear field.
- In September, 1977 the TR-1 Research Reactor was stopped due the work placement of TR-2 Research Reactor.
- 10th of December, 1981 the TR-2 Research Reactor reached criticality with its 5 MW nominal power.
- In 1982, the Commission was restructured as Turkish Atomic Energy Authority affiliated to the Prime Ministry by the law numbered 2690.
Subcategories
Health Physics Division 3
In accordance with the Regulations of Radiation Safety of TAEK the radiation control activities for granting licence of facilities including hospitals (radiotheraphy, nuclear medicine, x-ray, etc) and industrial those have operation with radiation and radioactive materials are done at Marmara Region.
In case of nuclear and radiological emergency situation, radiation measurements are carried on for radiation protection of the public and the environment. Also activities are carried on to help the improvement of emergency plans at national level. In case of a emergency situation, intervention is done by emergeny situtation personnel(ADME Unit). For this purpose all types of detectors and apparatus are always ready for operation.
Units:
Nuclear Techniques Division 1
Applications of radioisotopes and radiopharmaceuticals for medical purposes, their developments, render possible in use and quality controls, training on radiopharmacy, transfer of radioisotopos into industrial radiography projectors, quality control of dose calibrators, use of non-destructive testing in industrial applications, service and training, research and development on nuclear physics and other nuclear fields, fundamental and applied researchs, contributing to man power development in that fields, consulting for Directorate of the Center and Head Quarter in the specialized fields.
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Radioactive Waste Management Division 3
Radioactive Waste Management Division (RWMD)is responsible for collecting, processing, transportation, storage and disposal of radioactive waste in Turkey and fulfilling all activities related to the administrative and technical issues.
RWMD works with the basic principles of radioactive waste management, which are protection of human health, environmental protection, protection of communities outside borders, the protection of future generations, minimum responsibility to next generations and minimal waste generation. All the procedures are performed in accordance with national and international regulations.
RWMD has been operating since 1989. Licence of Operation was given by Turkish Atomic Energy Authority (TAEA) on March 2013.
RWMD accepts radioactive waste coming from all around the country. In addition, RWMD transports radioactive waste in accordance with Turkish Atomic Energy Authority’s (TAEA) Transport of Radioactive Materials Regulations.
Units :
Nuclear Electronics Division 1
The Nuclear Electronics Division (NED) follows recent advances in the field of nuclear electronics. In addition to its research and development activities, the Division is responsible for the maintenance and repair of electronic systems. Since its establishment the Division has designed and manufactured a variety of nuclear measurement instruments for the use of research institutions, medical and industrial establishments, civil defense and the army. Nuclear Electronic Division performs and certificates calibrations of dosimeters and dose rate meters used in radiation metrology in our country. It also attends comparison programs such as TLD postal dose comparison and transfer ionization chamber calibration organized by IAEA/WHO SSDL network. In addition, Nuclear Electronic Division collaborates with national and international institutions and universities and attends international research projects and if demanded, it gives technical consultancy service.
Nuclear Electronics and Instrumentation Unit 0
Activities:
MAINTENANCE and REPAIR
This activity is being executed uninterruptedly since the establishment of Nuclear Electronics and Instrumentation Unit. It is the maintenance and repair of nuclear electronic instruments and systems used in Çekmece Nuclear Research and Training Center. Besides that, the military, universities, research centers and independent establishments using nuclear electronic instruments are supported, too.
DEVELOPMENT of NUCLEAR MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
This project has been started in 1986. It is aimed to design and produce nuclear instruments with the components mostly available in Turkish market. Developed prototypes are produced in priority for the needs of TAEA, but production is made also for the needs of university, research institutions, civil defense, the army and medical and industrial establishments. Gained know-how during the Project is applied to the developed prototypes, so models are developed to compete with new technology.
Now, advanced microcontroller technology is being used to cover problems of radiation measurement. Control by microcontroller enables reliable, stable measurement and display of low level dos rate values. Generally, halogen quenched and energy compensated Geiger Muller counter tubes are used as radiation detectors in this project.
EARLY WARNING ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION MONITORING SYSTEM NETWORK (RESA)
The RESA System consists of the remote stations to measure the radiation level and evaluate the data and of an information center running the server software on a personnel computer. The Center communicates with the remote stations through telephone lines. The remote station consists of a “smart probe” (in Figure 1) incorporating the detectors and measuring circuits and of a modem and an uninterrupted power supply unit. The probes continuously measure radiation dose rate in the range 0-400 R/h by two Geiger Muller detectors sensitive to gamma and X- Rays. They store the data in their built-in memories and transfer the information to the server when an alarm condition is raised or a hardware problem occurs.
The server software manages the probes and the data obtained from measurements to minimize human interaction to the system. The main page of the server software is shown in Figure 2. The software has been designed to provide the user with a graphical (Figure 3.) environment. All the operations that can be conducted on the probes may be activated through maps (Figure4.), which help the user to locate them easily. There are two operating modes that can be selected from the center. Measurement in the fixed precision mode continues until the measurement reaches %95 statistical accuracy. The measuring period is proportional to the radiation dose rate. The measurement in average mode is terminated at the end of the time interval determined by the center. In this mode measurement accuracy is proportional to the radiation level.
Figure 1. Smart Probe Figure 2. Main program window
Figure 3. Dose rate data in graphical output Figure 4. Resa map
Nuclear Technology Division 2
Nuclear Technology Division studies on nuclear power plants and nuclear research reactors design and safety; theoretical and experimental applications of neutronic and thermohydrolic of nuclear reactors; following of recent technologies and applications of nuclear fuel cycle from ore to waste; research and development on reactor fuels and materials and also their production techniques and technologies and supplying of technical consultancy in these fields.
Units :
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